A Bridge is a combination of hardware and software. It has its own operating system. It
helps to conserve the bandwidth of a network. Bandwidth is the speed of a network. It
indicates how many bits can be transmitted across a network in a given time. In case of a
bridge, the larger network is physically chopped into smaller segments. A bridge can read the
MAC (Media Access Control) or physical address of a computer on data packets. MAC
address is printed on the Network Interface Card. A bridge matches this MAC address with
the one stored in its table and judges that which particular segment does a data packet
belong to and accordingly sends that packet to such a segment. It does not allow other
packets belonging to other segments to spread to a particular segment and hence conserves
the bandwidth.
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